冠詞用法
冠詞是用在名詞之前起修飾限定作用的詞。它本身沒有任何意義,不能獨(dú)立存在。冠詞主要可以分為定冠詞(the)和不定冠詞兩類。
1. 定冠詞
1)表示特指,用在某個(gè)特定的人、事物等前。特別是當(dāng)某名詞后面有定語(yǔ)限定這一名詞時(shí),名詞前面一般都要用定冠詞the 。例如:
We have found the book that we lost yesterday. 我們已經(jīng)找到了昨天丟的那本書。
Mother is cooking in the kitchen. (the kitchen of the house) 媽媽在廚房里做菜。
2)表示獨(dú)指,用在世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的東西前。例如:
The sky is very beautiful.
3) 表示復(fù)指,用在第二次提到的人或物前。例如:
I bought a book yesterday. The book is very interesting.
4) 表示類指。指一類人或事物。
A 用于單數(shù)名詞前,如:
The lion is a wild animal. 獅子是野生動(dòng)物。
B 用于形容詞前, 如
the young the poor the injured the living
5) 用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,指整個(gè)群體:
They are the teachers of this school.(指全體教師)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)
They are the teachers of this school.(指全體教師)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)
6) 用在形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞前; only, main, sole, same 等詞修飾名詞時(shí)也要用定冠詞。如:
That’s the only man I know.
She was the first person I met today.
7) 用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)、等專有名詞前:
the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó),the United States 美國(guó)
the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó),the United States 美國(guó)
8) 用在表示樂器的名詞之前。如:
She plays the piano. 她會(huì)彈鋼琴
9)用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前,表示一家人:
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)
10) 用在江河湖海、海峽海灣、沙漠、山脈、群島、一些國(guó)名、一些機(jī)構(gòu)、報(bào)紙、雜志、書籍、會(huì)議、條約、信仰前。例如:
the Atlantic,the Yellow River,the Alps,the U.S.A.,the Treaty of Nanjin
the English Channel,the Persian Gulf,the Philippines,the Sahara Desert
the United Nations,the New York Times
11) 用在習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中:
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),
the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday, the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,
in the middle (of), in the end,
on the whole, by the way,
the day before yesterday, the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,
in the middle (of), in the end,
on the whole, by the way,
go to the theatre, go to the doctor's,to go to the cinema
to break the ice, to tell the truth
2. 不定冠詞
不定冠詞a(an)與數(shù)詞one 同源,是"一個(gè)"的意思。a用于輔音音素前,一般讀作[e],而an則用于元音音素前,一般讀做[en]。
1) 表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量。例如:
We can not finish the work in a day.
2) 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,泛指一類人或物。如: