THE PAST PERFECT:‘JUST ’&‘ALREADY’ 過去完成時:just already
我們使用過去完成時來表示比過去的某個時間點更早發生了的事情,因此,人們經常在過去完成時的句子里just和already這樣的音訊。這兩個詞都是用來表示在以前所發生的某件事情的。我們來仔細地看一下下面的對話:
Woman Why did you go to the office yesterday? 你昨天為什么去辦公室?
Man I went to the office to finish the report,but jane had already done it.我去辦公室完成報告,但是簡已經做完了。
Won Was Jane still there? 簡還在那兒嗎?
Man No, when I arrived, she had just left.沒有,我到的時候, 她剛剛離開。
如果我們用現在完成時而不是過去完成時來表達,對話就會變成下面的形式。這一點請大腕要注意。
Woman Hello,Tony What愛熱有doinghere/ 你好,托尼。你在這兒做什么呢?
Man I’m here to finish the report, but Jane has already done it. 我來這是為了完成報告,但是簡已經做好了。
Womqan Is Jane still here? 簡還在這兒嗎?
Nman No, she has just left.不在,她剛剛離開。
THE PAST PERFECT:'I 'D HOPED','I'D INTENDED' 過去完成時:I’d hoped和intended
作為過去完成時的一般用法,我們用動詞hope或intend來表示沒有實現的希望和意愿。我們來看下面的對話:
Man Is Sally in ,please?
Woman I’m afraid she’s gone back to the USA.
Man Oh, dear. I’d intended to see her last week, but in the end I was too busy.
Woman Is it important?
Man Not really. I’d hoped to ask her advice about something.
Woman Can I help?
Man Well, maybe. You see I met a woman at a party…
過去完成時的另外兩種用法是本單元還沒有介紹到的。一種是像下面的例句這樣表示假設:
If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam.
如果您再努力些,你就會通過考試。
還有一種像下面例句這樣在間接引語的句子中:
He said that he had done it.他說他已經做完了。
關于過去完成時的這兩種用法,我們會在以后學習到。