QUESTION TAGS & AUXILIARY VERBS 附加疑問(wèn)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
前面的例句中主句的動(dòng)詞都是be 動(dòng)詞,附加疑問(wèn)部分也同樣be 動(dòng)詞。在下面的例句中,be動(dòng)詞蜍為助動(dòng)詞使用在普通動(dòng)詞的前面來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。在這些句子中,附加疑問(wèn)中還是使用be動(dòng)詞。
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子:
Emma is cooking, isn’t she? 艾瑪正在做飯,不是嗎?
They aren’t playing well, are they?他們演得不好,是嗎?
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):
They aren’t made in Japan, are they? 他們不是產(chǎn)自日本,是嗎?
The song is sung in German, isn’t it?這首歌是用德文唱的,不是嗎?
同增,使用了was或were的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):
Alan wasn’t helping, was he?艾倫沒(méi)有幫忙,是嗎?
We were losing at half time, weren’t we?我們?cè)诒荣愡M(jìn)行到一增時(shí)開(kāi)始輸了,是不是?
過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):
The city was destroyed ,wasn’t it? 這個(gè)城市被毀了,不是嗎?
The contracts weren’t signed, were they? 合同還沒(méi)有簽,是嗎?
附加疑問(wèn)句中使用的助動(dòng)詞不僅僅有be動(dòng)詞,will, would, have 等其他助動(dòng)詞也可以在附加疑問(wèn)中使用。我們年年下面的例句:
Jenny won’t be there, will she? 珍妮不會(huì)在那兒,是嗎?
Jack will come,won’t he? 杰克會(huì)來(lái),不是嗎?
It would be great, wouldn’t it?那很好,不是嗎?
We have finished, haven’t we? 我們已經(jīng)完成了,不是嗎?
Joe has been waiting for ages, hasn’t he?喬已經(jīng)等了很多年了,不是嗎?
QUESTION TAGS & THE PRESENT SIMPLE 附加疑問(wèn)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞既不是be動(dòng)詞也不是其他的助動(dòng)詞,我們一般使用跟句子的時(shí)態(tài)相符合的助動(dòng)詞。比如:,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞則現(xiàn)在時(shí),隊(duì)加疑問(wèn)就用助動(dòng)詞do/does.我們來(lái)看一下例句:
We like them, don’t we? 我們喜歡他們,是吧?
It snows here in winter, doesn’t it? 這里冬天下雪,不是嗎?
QUESTION TAGS & THE PAST SIMPLE 附加疑問(wèn)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)
同樣,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)的句子里應(yīng)該使用和句子的時(shí)態(tài)相符合的助動(dòng)詞did(do的過(guò)去時(shí))為附加疑問(wèn)。我們來(lái)看一上下面的例句:The beatles wrote that song, didn’t they? 甲殼蟲(chóng)樂(lè)隊(duì)寫(xiě)了這首歌,不是嗎?
Her huysband went with her, didn’t he? 她丈夫和她一起去,不是嗎?
否定句中用did為附加疑問(wèn)句:
Mr and mrs Joes didn’t come, did they? 瓊斯先生和夫人沒(méi)有來(lái),是嗎?
ANSWERING QUESTION TAGS 附加疑問(wèn)的回答
對(duì)于附加疑問(wèn)我們可以像下面的對(duì)話(huà)里那樣進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的yes或no的回答:
Woman It’s hot today, isn’t it?
Man Yes.
Womqn The rain that was forecast didn’t come, did it?
Man No.
但是,以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人們對(duì)于附加疑問(wèn)經(jīng)常使用“簡(jiǎn)短回答”,即Yes,it is .或No, I don’t.例如:
Woman It’s hot today, isn’t it?
Man Yes, it is.
Woman The rain that was forecast didn’t come, did it?
Man No, No, it didn’t.
雖然聽(tīng)起來(lái)會(huì)覺(jué)得有些奇怪,但是對(duì)于以英語(yǔ) 為母語(yǔ)的人們來(lái)說(shuō)如果同時(shí)使用附加疑問(wèn)和簡(jiǎn)短回答,可以軟化對(duì)話(huà)的證據(jù)以及避免給人們留下冷漠的印象。